case no.2

Case #2
IO(Chef Information Officer)

The chief information officer (CIO), or information technology (IT) director, is a job title commonly given to the most senior executive in an enterprise responsible for the information technology and computer systems that support enterprise goals. The CIO typically reports to the chief executive officer, chief operations officer or chief financial officer. In military organizations, they report to the commanding officer.

Global Warming

Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of Earth's near-surface air and oceans since the mid-20th century and its projected continuation. Most of the observed temperature increase since the middle of the 20th century was caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases, which results from human activity such as fossil fuel burning and deforestation. Global dimming, a result of increasing concentrations of atmospheric aerosols that block sunlight from reaching the surface, has partially countered the effects of greenhouse gas induced warming.

Effect Of Computers

The state of knowledge of global warming will be presented and two aspects examined: observational evidence and a review of the state of computer modeling of climate change due to anthropogenic increases in greenhouse gases. Observational evidence, indeed, shows global warming, but it is difficult to prove that the changes are unequivocally due to the greenhouse-gas effect. Although observational measurements of global warming are subject to "correction," researchers are showing consistent patterns in their interpretation of the data. Since the 1960s, climate scientists have been making their computer models of the climate system more realistic. Models started as atmospheric models and, through the addition of oceans, surface hydrology, and sea-ice components, they then became climate-system models. Because of computer limitations and the limited understanding of the degree of interaction of the various components, present models require substantial simplification. Nevertheless, in their present state of development climate models can reproduce most of the observed large-scale features of the real system, such as wind, temperature, precipitation, ocean current, and sea-ice distribution. The use of supercomputers to advance the spatial resolution and realism of Earth-system models will also be discussed.

Effect of Computers in a Certain Company and in Our Planet

As our technology grows and more people using computers and it can cause so much heat to our planet. In any company computers are more important. Data center in a company is used to facilitate computer systems and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage systems. It generally includes redundant or backup power supplies, redundant data communications connections, environmental controls (e.g., air conditioning, fire suppression) and security devices. IT department in a company is a major source of negative environmental impacts. The best way to reduce heat in our planet is to less consume of power because the IT is the biggest consumer of power.

According to Senior Editor Stephanie writes that Data Centers consume between 1.5% and 3% of all the power generated annualy in the United States. A certain Company called VistaPrint, where the IT departments does manage its data center facilities, discovered that its electric bill was projected to skyrocket if the comapny, which sells custom printed products online grew as predicted. Data Centers of VistaPrints hosted by "Cable and Wireless". The use of "hydropower" provides a renewable lower-emmisions of source electricity. The company replace its blade servers with virtul machines that use more server capacity and consume less power.

Using efficient coolong systems, or simply sealing holesin your data center's floor, can reduce energy consumption and ultimately , greenhous gas emmission.

Data Center Server that Consume Less Energy

Startup server maker SeaMicro today unveiled a new low-power server that promises to slash power costs for companies running large Internet services and cloud computing platforms. SeaMicro’s multi-core x86 server runs on Intel’s low-power Atom chips, whose energy efficiency has made them the processor of choice for many mobile phones and laptops.


The Green Advantage

Generally, the shift to green IT is of multiple benefits. Those benefits can positively affect your return of investment making the switch all worth it. And just what are those benefits?


•First and foremost, green IT is a help to the environment. The use of them reduces the already big pile of e-waste. For instance, a simple move of replacing fluorescent bulbs with energy-efficient lights will lessen the number of burnt bulbs dumped into landfills. How? Well, high-efficiency light bulbs tend to last longer which means they require lesser replacements.

•Green IT helps you save money. Most eco-friendly technology devices are energy- efficient which means that they consume lesser energy. And in a business, that translates to less electricity to pay for.

•The first two benefits leads to this third benefit. This refers to personal fulfillment. Knowing that you have helped save the planet while earning something out of it is a very wise move that creates a sense of nobility and fulfillment.

CASE no.3

1.What is Facebook?
•Facebook is a social networking website that is operated and privately owned by Facebook, Inc. Since September 2006, anyone over the age of 13 with a valid e-mail address (and not residing in one of the countries where it is banned) can become a Facebook user.
•Facebook is a social networking site that allows for developers to contribute applications that interact with Facebook features. GoGrid offers a Facebook Server Image that allows Facebook developers to contribute their applications through GoGrid servers directly to Facebook's development network.
•Facebook is a gathering spot, to connect with your friends and with your friends friends. Facebook allows you to make new connections who share a common interest, expanding your personal network.
2.Facebook advantage and Disadvantages?
•When MySpace arrived on the Internet's doorstep millions were excited to have a place where they could share and network with their friends. Facebook arrived on the scene and slowly began to steal market share from MySpace. Today the MySpace market is decreasing and Facebook is making new highs in traffic and user count.
=>Advantages:
· Facebook makes it easy to find and join groups with similar interest and dislikes.
· It is easier to find old friends or new friends as almost everyone is on Facebook.
· Facebook makes it easy to approach and meet new people.
· Facebook can be used to meet business contacts and for networking purposes.
=>Disadvantages:
·Facebook is becoming a place for long distance relationships with many people you will never meet, this takes some of the intimacy away from relationships.
·Facebook addiction is becoming something that is a real problem; if you have any life at all you have other things to do besides sit on Facebook all day.
·Because of open and public nature of Facebook there is the possibility for being stalked online or offline, this can be highly aggravating!
·Terrible for worker productivity. If you are self employed Facebook can consume much of your time if you are not careful. If you run a business your employees may waste valuable and expensive time using Facebook.
·Let's talk about these people on Facebook who are labeled "friends"...are they really?
3.What are characteristics of facebook why many people engage in this site?
•The field of physical therapy requires many attributes, which makes this field unique among professions. Due to the fact that physical therapists usually work one-on-one with their clients, it is imperative that these professionals master the art of human relations and interpersonal skills. Due to their close relationship with their clients, physical therapist must display outstanding character traits which will lead their clients to feel at ease during the therapeutic sessions, as well as to develop the feeling of well-being when in the presence of the therapist. Most character traits cannot be taught in a short period of time, and are usually ingrained in the individual in the home environment, but experience can also yield a wealth of knowledge and character development.
4.Can you use Facebook in e-Commerce how and Why?
•Once you have your fan page set up you can start focusing on how to attract traffic. Your page does not have to be perfect, it's one of those things where the more participation you are able to get, the better the content. So start small and watch it grow and develop over time. Once you are able to reach the pulse of your fans, you can think more creatively about what to offer them on your Facebook fan page. You can create exclusive coupons just for them. You can also start a fun contest for your fans as part of a promotional campaign where the winner receives something for free.
•Since selling directly through Facebook is now all the rage, there is no reason for you not to do it too. The big name retailers are just starting to make their fan pages even more interactive by listing their products on there. The ones that have already built a large community are finding that merging e-commerce with Facebook can be very profitable.
5.Importance of Facebook in Society today?
•By using the following tactics of internet marketing by making complete use of Facebook, you will discover a new way of promoting your business.

• By using Facebook advertisements, you can target your desired genre of customers and market. Advertisement tool at Facebook is highly optimized and it helps you in easily targeting the right market.
• You can either make use of social ads or business ads on Facebook for promoting your business or services. You can effortlessly make your advertisements attractive by adding texts, picture and graphics.
• You can create fan pages, use networks and develop groups for your business. There are tools for attracting people to join your fan pages and groups, you can make use of them and generate traffic towards your website
• It is possible to estimate a budget for advertisements, for better results and outcomes you can directly get in touch with the ads and marketing team of Facebook.

CASE no.1

GOOGLE


Via John Battelle, Rick Skrenta’s remarkable piece on what Google have actually built. They don’t just have the world’s best search engine, they have the world’s largest and most scalable platform for developing huge web-based applications.

Google has taken the last 10 years of systems software research out of university labs, and built their own proprietary, production quality system. What is this platform that Google is building? It’s a distributed computing platform that can manage web-scale datasets on 100,000 node server clusters. It includes a petabyte, distributed, fault tolerant filesystem, distributed RPC code, probably network shared memory and process migration. And a datacenter management system which lets a handful of ops engineers effectively run 100,000 servers. Any of these projects could be the sole focus of a startup.

While competitors are targeting the individual applications Google has deployed, Google is building a massive, general purpose computing platform for web-scale programming.




Google is a highly sucessful internet business research google business model.
Questions:
1.Who are their Competitors of Google?
Answer: A years ago,Google named just two competitors-Microsoft and Yahoo-in its annual report to the U.S.Securities and Exchange Commission.This year, Google lists 10 Competitors by name its recently filed 10-K report for 2009, including social sites Facebook, Twitter and Yelp; and specially search engines that dive deep into a specific category, such as travel sites Kayak and health inquiry site WebMD.
With the explosive growth of social networks acting as the door to people's online world, Google does face increased competitions. But with the Mountain View, Calif.-based search giant facing a surge of antitrust and anticompetition lawsuit and allegations in the U.S. and Europe, observers and critics say the change show's Google pressing need to make the case to regulators that it has viable competitors, and has not become too dominant an Internet force.
"There aren't a flood of new companies that have entered the market that are suddenly Google competitors that weren't there last year, but they are calling them out in a more direct way," said Greg Sterling, principal of Sterling Market Intelligence, adding that if regulators see Google as a company without legitimate competition, "that perception is a big problem for them politically."

Nevertheless, he said the rapid growth of Facebook and Twitter during 2009, and the effectiveness of specialty search engines like job site Monster.com, show that Google's "competition is broader than simply Yahoo and (Microsoft's search engine) Bing."

For its part, Google in its SEC filing calls the increasing power of specialty, or "vertical" search engines like Kayak, which allow people to root through scores of airlines for the cheapest flights, and the emergence of mobile applications on platforms like the iPhone that allow consumers to directly access a Web product without going through a search engine, "formidable" competition.


"Our filing reflects the reality that we compete against a number of alternatives, including traditional search engines, e-commerce and specialty search sites, social networks, and other forms of online and offline advertising," Google said in a statement it released Monday to the Mercury News.

Critics of Google's dominance in search -- Americans use Google for about two thirds of U.S. searches, and the company has more than 70 percent of U.S. search advertising revenue, and about 90 percent in Europe -- say the expanded list of competitors is an attempt by Google to paper over its dominance.

"I think they are feeling the heat from several serious antitrust investigations, and that's reflected in the language they are using in the 10-K," said John Simpson, of Consumer Watchdog. He argued in a recent blog post that Google's statements that it has many competitors actually proves that "the opposite is actually true" and that "the real risk to Google's business is not from competition," but that regulators in the U.S. and Europe "will act in the interest of consumers and force the Internet giant to engage" in competition.

European Commission regulators announced Feb. 24 that they were opening a preliminary inquiry into complaints by three European vertical search engines that Google was downgrading their prominence in search results. Google quickly pointed out that two of those sites had ties to Microsoft, saying in a company blog that "we have nothing against vertical search sites -- indeed many vertical search engines like Moneysupermarket.com, Opodo and Expedia typically rank high in Google's results."

And speaking last week at a search engine conference in Santa Clara, Calif., Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer acknowledged "expressing some of the issues and frustrations we see" to antitrust regulators about Google, sometimes "unsolicited, sometimes because we have been asked."

While Google lists specific e-commerce and social network sites, Yahoo, the second leading U.S. search site with a wide array of other services, had a shorter list of competitors listed on its newly filed 10K -- listing Google, Microsoft, AOL, Facebook and MySpace.

In some cases, Google's expansion into Internet services beyond search is moving Google onto the turf of its competitors like San Francisco-based Yelp, which Google reportedly attempted to buy for $500 million in December. In recent months, Google executives have repeatedly talked about the company's ongoing efforts to offer local based search results and detailed background information on restaurants or businesses, similar to what Yelp offers now.
2.How have they used Information Technology to their advantage?
Answer: the process that ultimately affects the end result.Based on the above, it is
obvious that the rate of replication, of products, technologies and systems and
the low barriers to entry in this market segment by competitors, has made a big
number of companies obsolete. The way companies can and should differentiate
themselves from competitors, in not by lowering prices, no by aggressive marketing
and retention of large client number’s or shares of the market but rather by
achieving a sustainable competitive advantage by having low operational costs,
value added products, low production costs and excellent customer service.
Technology of course is already embedded in the above, thus companies have to
consider technology as valuable corporate asset and should manage it as
such.Having said that, I believe that the point that needs to be understood by all
parties is that however effective operations are, no matter what technologies and
ways of trading are used, or whether the company’s prices are low, if a strategy
is not in place to reflect the new E-business, flexibility and effectiveness go to
waste and take up more resources and generate negative and unwanted effects and
circumstances. ”Strategy goes far beyond the pursuit of best practises”( M.Porter,
2001). It also involves the configuration of to reflect the e-business, to
incorporate and integrate technology to business processes and most importantly to
embedded value into products. The organisation must use and manage information and
management as means to differentiate its business to the way competitors conduct
business. Having a universal strategy that every part depends on the previous part
and determines the next, it will undoubtedly be very difficult for competitors to
replicate and follow up.Companies thus must focus on other segments such as
product quality, information and knowledge management, but in order to achieve
this companies have to take small steps and learn from others so that the same
mistakes are not repeated.
3.How compititive?
Answer:
Every one of us wants to rank high in Google. You must focus on backlink building to have good serps. But backlink building has to be done with great care - not to get penalized.

Here are some simple tips which will definetely help:

1. Don't buy (or sell) sitewide links for serps. Buy links from individual pages*.

2. Don't look for high PR links only - start your campaign for a new site with PR 0-1 and slowly move up each week as you see your rankings improve.



3. Control link placement speed. Remember of "Too many links at once" Google filter.

4. Control the number of outbound links on your pages and on pages where you place your links, avoid link-farms, links to gambling, pills, etc.

5. A link from a relevant website is excellent, but a link from a quality site of other niche or other language can also boost your ranking - so don't ignore such links.

6. Make links look natural. Use different link anchors, promote not only your main page, but your deep pages too.

7. Don't do reciprocal linkexchange.
4.what new services do they offer?
Answer: Ten things we know to be true

"The perfect search engine," says co-founder Larry Page, "would understand exactly what you mean and give back exactly what you want." When Google began, you would have been pleasantly surprised to enter a search query and immediately find the right answer. Google became successful precisely because we were better and faster at finding the right answer than other search engines at the time.

But technology has come a long way since then, and the face of the web has changed. Recognizing that search is a problem that will never be solved, we continue to push the limits of existing technology to provide a fast, accurate and easy-to-use service that anyone seeking information can access, whether they're at a desk in Boston or on a phone in Bangkok. We've also taken the lessons we've learned from search to tackle even more challenges.

As we keep looking towards the future, these core principles guide our actions.

1. Focus on the user and all else will follow.

Since the beginning, we've focused on providing the best user experience possible. Whether we're designing a new Internet browser or a new tweak to the look of the homepage, we take great care to ensure that they will ultimately serve you, rather than our own internal goal or bottom line. Our homepage interface is clear and simple, and pages load instantly. Placement in search results is never sold to anyone, and advertising is not only clearly marked as such, it offers relevant content and is not distracting. And when we build new tools and applications, we believe they should work so well you don't have to consider how they might have been designed differently.

2. It's best to do one thing really, really well.

We do search. With one of the world's largest research groups focused exclusively on solving search problems, we know what we do well, and how we could do it better. Through continued iteration on difficult problems, we've been able to solve complex issues and provide continuous improvements to a service that already makes finding information a fast and seamless experience for millions of people. Our dedication to improving search helps us apply what we've learned to new products, like Gmail and Google Maps. Our hope is to bring the power of search to previously unexplored areas, and to help people access and use even more of the ever-expanding information in their lives.

3. Fast is better than slow.

We know your time is valuable, so when you're seeking an answer on the web you want it right away – and we aim to please. We may be the only people in the world who can say our goal is to have people leave our homepage as quickly as possible. By shaving excess bits and bytes from our pages and increasing the efficiency of our serving environment, we've broken our own speed records many times over, so that the average response time on a search result is a fraction of a second. We keep speed in mind with each new product we release, whether it's a mobile application or Google Chrome, a browser designed to be fast enough for the modern web. And we continue to work on making it all go even faster.

4. Democracy on the web works.

Google search works because it relies on the millions of individuals posting links on websites to help determine which other sites offer content of value. We assess the importance of every web page using more than 200 signals and a variety of techniques, including our patented PageRank™ algorithm, which analyzes which sites have been "voted" to be the best sources of information by other pages across the web. As the web gets bigger, this approach actually improves, as each new site is another point of information and another vote to be counted. In the same vein, we are active in open source software development, where innovation takes place through the collective effort of many programmers.

5. You don't need to be at your desk to need an answer.

The world is increasingly mobile: people want access to information wherever they are, whenever they need it. We're pioneering new technologies and offering new solutions for mobile services that help people all over the globe to do any number of tasks on their phone, from checking email and calendar events to watching videos, not to mention the several different ways to access Google search on a phone. In addition, we're hoping to fuel greater innovation for mobile users everywhere with Android, a free, open source mobile platform. Android brings the openness that shaped the Internet to the mobile world. Not only does Android benefit consumers, who have more choice and innovative new mobile experiences, but it opens up revenue opportunities for carriers, manufacturers and developers.

6. You can make money without doing evil.

Google is a business. The revenue we generate is derived from offering search technology to companies and from the sale of advertising displayed on our site and on other sites across the web. Hundreds of thousands of advertisers worldwide use AdWords to promote their products; hundreds of thousands of publishers take advantage of our AdSense program to deliver ads relevant to their site content. To ensure that we're ultimately serving all our users (whether they are advertisers or not), we have a set of guiding principles for our advertising programs and practices:

We don't allow ads to be displayed on our results pages unless they are relevant where they are shown. And we firmly believe that ads can provide useful information if, and only if, they are relevant to what you wish to find – so it's possible that certain searches won't lead to any ads at all.
We believe that advertising can be effective without being flashy. We don't accept pop-up advertising, which interferes with your ability to see the content you've requested. We've found that text ads that are relevant to the person reading them draw much higher clickthrough rates than ads appearing randomly. Any advertiser, whether small or large, can take advantage of this highly targeted medium.
Advertising on Google is always clearly identified as a "Sponsored Link," so it does not compromise the integrity of our search results. We never manipulate rankings to put our partners higher in our search results and no one can buy better PageRank. Our users trust our objectivity and no short-term gain could ever justify breaching that trust.
7. There's always more information out there.

Once we'd indexed more of the HTML pages on the Internet than any other search service, our engineers turned their attention to information that was not as readily accessible. Sometimes it was just a matter of integrating new databases into search, such as adding a phone number and address lookup and a business directory. Other efforts required a bit more creativity, like adding the ability to search news archives, patents, academic journals, billions of images and millions of books. And our researchers continue looking into ways to bring all the world's information to people seeking answers.

8. The need for information crosses all borders.

Our company was founded in California, but our mission is to facilitate access to information for the entire world, and in every language. To that end, we have offices in dozens of countries, maintain more than 150 Internet domains, and serve more than half of our results to people living outside the United States. We offer Google's search interface in more than 110 languages, offer people the ability to restrict results to content written in their own language, and aim to provide the rest of our applications and products in as many languages as possible. Using our translation tools, people can discover content written on the other side of the world in languages they don't speak. With these tools and the help of volunteer translators, we have been able to greatly improve both the variety and quality of services we can offer in even the most far-flung corners of the globe.

9. You can be serious without a suit.

Our founders built Google around the idea that work should be challenging, and the challenge should be fun. We believe that great, creative things are more likely to happen with the right company culture – and that doesn't just mean lava lamps and rubber balls. There is an emphasis on team achievements and pride in individual accomplishments that contribute to our overall success. We put great stock in our employees – energetic, passionate people from diverse backgrounds with creative approaches to work, play and life. Our atmosphere may be casual, but as new ideas emerge in a café line, at a team meeting or at the gym, they are traded, tested and put into practice with dizzying speed – and they may be the launch pad for a new project destined for worldwide use.

10. Great just isn't good enough.

We see being great at something as a starting point, not an endpoint. We set ourselves goals we know we can't reach yet, because we know that by stretching to meet them we can get further than we expected. Through innovation and iteration, we aim to take things that work well and improve upon them in unexpected ways. For example, when one of our engineers saw that search worked well for properly spelled words, he wondered about how it handled typos. That led him to create an intuitive and more helpful spell checker.

Even if you don't know exactly what you're looking for, finding an answer on the web is our problem, not yours. We try to anticipate needs not yet articulated by our global audience, and meet them with products and services that set new standards. When we launched Gmail, it had more storage space than any email service available. In retrospect offering that seems obvious – but that's because now we have new standards for email storage. Those are the kinds of changes we seek to make, and we're always looking for new places where we can make a difference. Ultimately, our constant dissatisfaction with the way things are becomes the driving force behind everything we do.
5.What makes them do unique?
Answer:
I want to use seamless textures as materials in my model. My materials are biased, that is the orientation of the texture is important. Most of my textures are wood, so I need the wood grain to run in a specific direction. BTW, I am a long time SketchUp (pro) user, but I am new to version 7.


When doing this (positioning textures in the correct orientation) in SketchUp 6, I would:
- select the paint bucket tool
- load in the new texture (unless already loaded)
- paint a surface on the object in question
- select that single surface (be sure not to select lines or groups or anything other than a simple flat surface)
- context menu (right click): position-texture
- orient the texture using the green circle
- click someplace off the surface to close position-texture mode
- sample the texture with command-PaintBucket
- paint my object


In SketchUp 7, I am faced with a new feature: make-unique-texture. Unfortunately, it seems to be a fairly mysterious feature because all the documentation seems very simplistic. Best I can tell, make-unique-texture does three things:
- makes a copy of the texture called TextureName#1
- rasterizes and crops the texture to bitmap of the same aspect ratio as the surface
- allows one to position the texture


The problem is that I need to rotate the complete material, not some cropped bitmap. If I make-unique-texture and position it, I seem to be fine, _for that specific surface_. But if I sample the material/texture with the eyedropper (command-PaintBucket), when I paint my other surfaces, there are lots of holes that the new texture does not cover.
6.How compititive are they in an international market?
Answer:

The assertion that Google has a lot to learn in its international efforts couldn't be more over-stated. Google has had success in the international environment, including greater market share than in the domestic market, that every Internet company would covet. This analysis delves deeper into Google's international efforts.


Having studied Google abroad somewhat significantly, I believe this article provides a very naïve view on Google’s success abroad. Absolutely, Google, as any American company, needs to be extremely aware of the impression they make when entering foreign grounds, as the risk as being seen as arrogant – the ugly American – is omnipresent. And, yes, Google should continue to grow their in-country teams significantly in order to best overcome cultural and sales hurdles and take advantage of unique opportunities and the gigantic world market that is growing at a quicker pace than the U.S. market. Recent stats point to European e-commerce in a position to surge past U.S. e-commerce.

Yet, don’t attempt to fool anyone here: Google has enormous international market share. Though I’m on a plane and not able to access these stats immediately, I believe that Google has approximately a 10-point higher share of search in Europe than they do in the States. I attended an online and multi-channel retail conference in London earlier this year, and Google was constantly mentioned, and never in a bad light. I am attempting to arrange a dinner in Paris later this year or early next with top French e-commerce companies, and Google is the likely sponsor, due to their relationship with the French agency that I am in contact with and their relationship with the likely invitees. Google is dominant in most countries, with their distant following to Baidu in China and the Russian example in the article notable exceptions.

In the UK, Amazon.com and eBay have also taken off after some early slips and command a dominant share of the market. Of course, they face hurdles, most notably eBay’s fraud and trust problem, but these American brands have also experienced tremendous success abroad. And there are other huge hurdles across Europe, such as Germany’s reliance on non-credit card payments and their language and cultural barriers. The European Union is still quite segmented, and pan-European plays will rarely be successful. Yet, the world continues to flatten, and American brands can have success abroad with fewer hurdles as can international brands have success in the States.

Google has had success with other products abroad, most notably its Orkut social network which has bombed domestically to its MySpace, Facebook, and LinkedIn brethren, yet has taken off in huge countries such as India and Brazil. So, sure, Google should be sensitive to cultural sensitivities and will face different regulatory environments abroad, but the truth is that Google has been remarkably successful internationally in large part due to the international word-of-mouth generated by their product and feature set.